Validación de la prueba nacional de pesquisa de trastornos de desarrollo psicomotor en niños menores de 6 años / Validation for screening test of detecting psychomotor development problems in children under six

Introducción. El uso de una prueba de pesquisa en los primeros años de vida permite la detección temprana de retrasos en el desarrollo psicomotor y su tratamiento oportuno. En la Argentina contamos con una Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa preparada en base a un estudio nacional. El objetivo del trabajo fue validar la prueba, comparando sus resultados con evaluaciones diagnósticas, realizadas en forma simultánea por varios servicios del Hospital Garrahan. Pacientes y métodos. Se seleccionó una muestra de 106 niños de 0 a 5,99 años que concurrían al área de bajo riesgo del Hospital. Se realizaron los siguientes estudios diagnósticos: evaluación del desarrollo psicomotor (Bayley II), examen neurológico, salud mental, coeficiente intelectual (Wechsler, Terman), conducta adaptativa (Vineland), lenguaje (prueba de Gardner receptiva y expresiva, ITPA), audición (emisiones otoacústicas, audiometría tonal, PEAT), examen visual. Se utilizó el DSM-IV como referencia de trastornos del desarrollo. Se evaluó la sensibilidad y especificidad obtenidas según la aplicación de diferentes puntos de corte (número de ítems fracasados). Resultados. El mejor punto de corte se estableció en un ítem tipo A o 2 tipo B, con una sensibilidad del 80%, especificidad: 93%, valor predictivo positivo: 94%, valor predictivo negativo: 77%, porcentaje de coincidencia: 85%. Fue inesperada la elevada prevalencia de problemas de desarrollo encontrada en la muestra: 57%. La prueba es capaz de detectar problemas en las cuatro áreas del desarrollo, incluidos trastornos del lenguaje. Conclusión. Los resultados confirman a la Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa como un instrumento válido para ser usado en el primer nivel de atención para el reconocimiento de niños con sospecha de sufrir trastornos del desarrollo. Asimismo, el trabajo de información permite establecer diferentes puntos de corte y constituye un instrumento útil para su aplicación en la práctica pediátrica.

The use of a screening test in the first years of life allows the early detection of delays of psychomotor development and its treatment, thus contributing to improve the prognosis of the child with special needs. In Argentina, a screening test for detecting developmental problems in children under 6, made with local children and data is available (PRUNAPE). A validation procedure for this test was carried out on 106 children attending at low risk outpatient clinic in Hospital Garrahan. The test was administered to the children together with a battery of diagnostic examinations and studies, performed by experienced specialists from different Hospital services: psychomotor development, neurology examination, mental health, intellectual quotient (Wechsler, Terman), adaptive behaviour (Vineland), language (Gardner expressive and receptive, ITPA), hearing (otoacustic emissions, audiometry, BERA), vision. The DSM ­IV was used as a reference for developmental problems. Using as a failure criterion to the PRUNAPE, the failure of performing correctly one type A item or two type B item, sensitivity of the test was 80%, specificity, 93%; positive predictive value, 95%; negative predictive value, 77%; overall agreement, 85%. A very high prevalence of developmental problems was found: 57%. PRUNAPE was found to be capable of detecting a wide range of problems. These results confirm PRUNAPE as a valuable instrument for early detection of developmental problems in paediatric practice at the primary care level.

[Investigation of LIsteria monocytogenes in soft cheeses]. / Investigación de Listeria monocytogenes en quesos de pasta blanda.

Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4%). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.

Investigación de Listeria monocytogenes en quesos de pasta blanda / Investigation of LIsteria monocytogenes in soft cheeses

Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.

Investigación de Listeria monocytogenes en quesos de pasta blanda / Investigation of LIsteria monocytogenes in soft cheeses

Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.(AU)

Investigación de Listeria monocytogenes en quesos de pasta blanda. / [Investigation of LIsteria monocytogenes in soft cheeses]

Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4

). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.

Persistencia de la actividad biócida del herbicida atrazina, en suelos del sudeste bonaerense

Ante la carencia de información sobre la residualidad biócida de atrazina en las diversas regiones del Sudoeste de la Pcia. de Buenos Sires, los autores presentan este trabajo proporcionando resultados de tres suelos de los partidos de Balcarce, González Chaves y San Cayetano, sobre los que se efectuaron aplicaciones de 1, 2 y 4 kg. i.a.ha-1. El estudio se realizó mediante biotest con avena sativa, en condiciones controladas, determinando el efecto del herbicida sobre la evolución del peso seco. Se determinó que la atrazina tuvo una persistencia biócida de más de 223 días en el suelo de menor contenido orgánico(San Cayetano)

Persistencia de la actividad biócida del herbicida atrazina, en suelos del sudeste bonaerense

Ante la carencia de información sobre la residualidad biócida de atrazina en las diversas regiones del Sudoeste de la Pcia. de Buenos Sires, los autores presentan este trabajo proporcionando resultados de tres suelos de los partidos de Balcarce, González Chaves y San Cayetano, sobre los que se efectuaron aplicaciones de 1, 2 y 4 kg. i.a.ha-1. El estudio se realizó mediante biotest con avena sativa, en condiciones controladas, determinando el efecto del herbicida sobre la evolución del peso seco. Se determinó que la atrazina tuvo una persistencia biócida de más de 223 días en el suelo de menor contenido orgánico(San Cayetano)

Persistencia de la actividad biocida del herbicida atrazina, en suelos del sudeste bonaerense

Se carece de información sobre la residualidad biocida de atrazina en las diversas regiones del sudeste, de la Pcia. de Bs.As. El presente trabajo proporciona resultados de tres suelos de los partidos de Balcarce, Gonzáles Chaves y San Cayetano, sobre los que se efectuaron aplicaciones de 1,2 y 4 kg.i.a.ha-1. El estudio se realizó mediante biotests con Avena sativa, en condiciones controladas, determinando el efecto del herbicida sobre la evolución del peso seco. Se determinó que la atrazina tuvo una persistencia biocida de más de 223 días en el suelo de menor contenido orgánico (San Cayetano)

Persitencia de la actividad biocida del herbicida atrazina, en suelos del sudeste bonaerense

Se carece de información sobre la residualidad biocida de atrazina en las diversas regiones del sudeste, de la Pcia. de Bs.As. El presente trabajo proporciona resultados de tres suelos de los partidos de Balcarce, Gonzáles Chaves y San Cayetano, sobre los que se efectuaron aplicaciones de 1,2 y 4 kg.i.a.ha-1. El estudio se realizó mediante biotests con Avena sativa, en condiciones controladas, determinando el efecto del herbicida sobre la evolución del peso seco. Se determinó que la atrazina tuvo una persistencia biocida de más de 223 días en el suelo de menor contenido orgánico (San Cayetano)

Congestive heart failure: echocardiographic insights.

This study was designed to assess the role of echocardiography in the evaluation and management of patients with the congestive heart failure syndrome. Fifty consecutive patients with congestive heart failure referred for echocardiography were evaluated. Thirty patients (60 percent) had ejection fractions under 50 percent (mean +/- SD 30 +/- 9 percent), left ventricular dilatation (6.5 +/- 0.7 cm), and normal wall thicknesses (1.0 +/- 0.2 cm). The echocardiographic findings were predictable on clinical grounds in 18 of the 30 patients (60 percent) and worse than clinically expected in 12 patients (40 percent). Management changes after echocardiography were indicated in 11 of 30 patients (37 percent). The remaining 20 of the 50-patient cohort (40 percent) had ejection fractions above 50 percent (mean 70 +/- 9 percent, p less than 0.01), and, as a group, were characterized by normal left ventricular size (5.1 +/- 0.8 cm, p less than 0.01) and borderline wall thicknesses (1.1 +/- 0.2 cm, p less than 0.01). The largest subgroup of these 20 patients had hypertensive heart disease (seven patients, 35 percent) associated with the congestive heart failure syndrome presumably related to left ventricular diastolic (compliance) dysfunction. The normal ejection fraction was unexpected clinically in 18 of these 20 patients (90 percent). Recommended management after echocardiography changed in all 18 patients. Since standard clinical findings (history, physical examination, and chest roentgenography) failed to separate patients with normal and abnormal ejection fractions, or those in need of changes in management, echocardiography was a useful and, at times, essential part of the evaluation of these patients with the congestive heart failure syndrome.

Myopotential inhibition of unipolar AV sequential (DVI) pacemaker.

Whereas myopotential inhibition of QRS-inhibited (VVI) pacemakers is well known, its occurrence in patients with AV sequential (DVI) pacemakers has not been reported. The present communication deals with spontaneous and induced myopotential inhibition of a multiprogrammable Intermedics unipolar AV sequential (DVI) pacemaker. The bedside maneuvers that were performed in the patient exposed the problem, therefore serving to establish the diagnosis. Although external adjustment of the sensitivity was the simple, non-invasive solution in this case, more studies are required to determine the success rate of this approach as well as the incidence and clinical significance of myopotential inhibition of unipolar DVI pacemakers.